This is a ‘gentler’ version of the same song but still has that Mediaeval colour.
Note: for those who have been following the posts and / or the alternative site, every feature of Latin has been discussed before, and so this is a tremendous example of all the jigsaw pieces coming together.
Each verse is only a couple of lines. I’ll begin with verse #1 [V1] and the refrain
[V1] Tempus est iocundum, ō virginēs, modo congaudēte vōs iuvenēs │ The time is pleasing, you virgins, just rejoice, you young men
congaudeō, congaudēre [2]: (Late Latin) rejoice; here it’s in the imperative / command form (talking to more than one person) i.e. gaudēte
- iocundus, -a, -um (Late Latin): joyful (CL: iūcundus)
- iuvenis, -is [3/m]: young man
- tempus, temporis [3/n]: time
- virgō, virginis [3/f]: girl; maiden; virgin
Chorus: it has a very good example of different noun and adjective types working together
Ō, ō, tōtus flōreō! │Oh, oh, I am blossoming!
iam amōre virginālī tōtus ārdeō, novus, novus amor est, quō pereō. │ I’m totally burning with first love, it’s a new, new love from which I’m dying
- ārdeō, ārdēre [2]: burn
- flōreō, flōrēre [2]: bloom; blossom; flower
- tōtus, -a, -um: completely; the grammar FBI will say that it should be tōta because a girl is singing! It didn’t seem to bother them in 1230.
- pereō, perīre: die; perish; it’s come up before: eō, īre (go) can have prefixes to change its meaning
- amōre pereō: the ablative expresses the cause; I am burning with [because of] love
But, here’s the grammar point to note
- amor, amōris [3/m]: love; a third declension noun
- novus, -a, -um: new; a 1st/ 2nd declension adjective
- virginālis, -e: maidenly (or ‘first’ in the sense of your ‘first love’); a 3rd declension adjective
[i] iam amōre [3rd declension noun] virginālī [3rd declension adjective] tōtus ārdeō
- I am completely burning with first love
[ii] novus, novus [1st/ 2nd declension adjective] amor [3rd declension noun] est, quō pereō
- It is a new, new love from which I’m dying.
The adjective and the noun agree in gender, number and case but they retain their own endings.
Here are the rest of the verses:
[V2] Cantat philomena sīc dulciter, et modulāns audītur; intus caleō │The nightingale sings so sweetly, and it is heard singing, and I am hot inside
- caleō, calēre [2]: to be hot (check the posts on weather!)
- cantō, cantāre [1]: sing
- dulcis, -e [3]: sweet; and there is an example of how Latin forms some adverbs: dulciter: sweelty
- intus: (adverb) within; inside
- modulāns, modulantis [3]: (here) singing
Note: passive
- audit: he / she / it hears
- audītur: he / she / it is heard
[V3] Flōs est puellārum, quam dīligō, et rosa rosārum, quam sepe videō; │ She is the flower of the girls whom I love, and the rose of the roses whom I often see
- dīligō, dīligere [3]: love
- flōs, flōris [3/m]: flower
- sepe = saepe (often); Mediaeval spelling shift from /ae/ > /e/ to reflect pronunciation change
- videō, vidēre [2]: see
[V4] Mea mē cōnfortat prōmissiō, mea mē dēportat negātiō. │ My promise strengthens me, my refusal carries me away
[V5] Mea mēcum lūdit virginitās, mea mē dētrūdit simplicitās. │My virginity plays with me, my innocence pushes me down
Note: in some versions the ‘mea’ becomes ‘tua’ i.e. your promise strengthens me etc. I’m following the exact lyrics from the Youtube version.
- cōnfortō, cōnfortō [1]: strengthen
- dēportō, dēportāre [1]: carry off
- dētrūdō, dētrūdere [3]: push down
- lūdo, lūdere [3]: play
- mē¦cum: with me
Four 3rd declension nouns that always have the same type of stem change: -iō, -tās
- negatiō, negātiōnis [3/f]: refusal
- prōmissiō, prōmissiōnis [3/f]: promise
- simplicitās, simplicitātis [3/f]: innocence; simplicity
- virginitās, virginitātis [3/f]: maidenhood; virginity
[V6] Sile, philomēna, prō tempore, surge cantilēna dē pectore. │Be silent, nightingale, for a while, rise up, song, from (my) breast
- sileō, silēre [2]: be silent; imperative / command talking to one person i.e. sile
- surgō, surgere [3]: arise; imperative / command talking to one person i.e. surge
- cantilēna, -ae [1/f]: (old) song
- pectus, pectoris [3/m]: breast
[V7] Tempore brūmālī vir patiēns, animō vernālī lascīviēns. │In the winter time a man (is) patient, frisky with the breath of spring
- animus, -ī [2/m]: soul; ‘life force’, but ‘the breath / spirit of spring’ is quite neat
- vir, -ī [2/m]: man
2 adjectives to describe seasons
- brūmālis, -is [3]: winter; wintry; ablative of time when: tempore brūmālī (in the winter time)
- vernālis, -e [3]: spring
Note the regular stem changes of these types ending in -ns
patiēns, patientis [3]: patient
lascīviēns, lascīvientis [3]: frolicking; “frisky”
[V8] Venī, domicella, cum gaudiō, venī, venī, pulchra, iam pereō. │Come, maiden, with joy, come, come, beautiful (girl), I’m dying now
- domicella, -ae [1/f]: (Mediaeval) young lady; maiden
- gaudium, -ī [2/n]: joy
- preposition cum + ablative
- pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum: beautiful
- veniō, venīre [4]: come; imperative / command form talking to one person i.e. venī
