[i]
pudet: it shames
miseret: it moves to pity
paenitet: it causes regret
taedet: it wearies
piget: it disgusts; it annoys
[ii] The person who experiences these states becomes the object of the impersonal verb, but the impersonal construction in Latin will most often change to a personal construction in English:
pudet: it shames
mē pudet │ literally: it shames me / it causes me shame
- I am ashamed
miseret: it moves to pity
mē miseret │ literally: it moves me to pity
- I feel pity / compassion
paenitet: it causes regret
taedet: it wearies
taedet ipsum Pompēium vehementerque paenitet (Cicero)
- Pompey himself is weary of it and deeply regrets it.
piget, -ēre | it disgusts; it annoys
simul mē piget (Plautus)
- At the same time it irks me.
[iii] With these impersonal verbs (1) the person affected is in the accusative case:
(2) the cause of that emotional state is in the genitive case:
(1) mē [accusative] (2) huius factī [genitive] paenitet
[literally: it causes me regret of this deed]
- I regret (2) this deed.
(1) mē [accusative] piget (2) ignāviae tuae [genitive]
- (1) I am disgusted (2) by your laziness.
(1) mē [accusative] cīvitātis mōrum [genitive] piget taedetque (Cicero)
- (1) I am sick and tired (2) of the ways of the state.
Crasse, (1) pudet mē [accusative] tuī [genitive] (Cicero)
- Crassus, (1) I am ashamed (2) of you.
(2) vestrī [genitive] (1) mē [accusative] pudet miseretque (Tacitus)
- (2) For you (1) I feel shame and compassion.
