Although the posts explain the different ways in which the pronouns and demonstratives are used, bear in mind that the translations really are restricted to a handful of words. The following extracts show many of these in context. At the early stages of original literature, focus on meaning rather than dwelling on why a particular word is being used. Apart from the last two, they’re all from Plautus.
(1) Amōre captus Alcumēnās Iuppiter mūtāvit sēsē in fōrmam eius coniugis │ Jupiter, being seized with love for Alcmena, changed himself into the form of her husband
(2) postrīdiē in castra ex urbe ad nōs veniunt flentēs prīncipēs … ōrant ignōscāmus peccātum suom [ = suum], dēduntque sē │ The following day their foremost men come tearfully to the camp from the city to us [ = to our camp] … and entreat us to pardon their transgression: and they surrender themselves
(3) Senex avārus vix sibi crēdēns Euclīō domī suae dēfossam multīs cum opibus aulam invenit, …. eius fīliam Lycōnidēs vitiārat │ A miserly old man named Euclio, barely trusting himself, finds a pot full of treasure buried within his house, …. Lyconides had corrupted his / the old man’s daughter.
(4) nesciō unde (2) haec (1) hic spectāvit │ I don’t know where (1) he saw (2) these things from
(5) ex aedibus ēiēcit huius māter │ And her mother [ = the mother of this (woman)] has thrown me out of the house
(6) Chrysale, quis ille est quī minitātur fīliō? / Vir hic est illīus mulieris quācum accubat │ Chrysalus, who is he / that man who is threatening my son? / He is the husband of that woman with whom he is lying on the couch.
(7) nam iam domum ībō atque—aliquid surripiam patrī. (1) id (2) istī dabō │ For I'll go home now, and—steal something from my father and give (1) it (2) to her.
(8) Sōsia ille, quem iam dūdum dīcō, is quī ¦ mē contudit │ That Sosia, who I’ve been talking about all along, he’s the one who smashed me up.
(9) nesciō etiam id quod sciō │ I don’t even know what [ = that which] I know.
(10) Mihi quoque adsunt testēs, quī illud quod ¦ ego dicam adsentiant. │ I have [ = to me there are] witnesses present, who will corroborate what [ = that which] I say.
(11) hanc fābulam, inquam, hic Iuppiter hodiē ipse aget │ This play, then, Jove himself will act in to-day
(12) Neque tū illī neque mihi virō ipsī crēdis? │ You won't believe him, or me, your very husband, either?
(13) nam vīdī hūc ipsum addūcere trapēzītam Exaerambum │ for I saw Exaerambus himself bringing the banker here
(14) Dīxitque patruus Saūl ad eum et ad puerum eius quō abistis quī respondērunt quaerere asinās … et dīxit eī patruus suus … (Vulgate) │ Saul's uncle said to him and his attendant "Where did you go?" And they answered "To look for the donkeys," … and his uncle said to him …
(15) Videntēs autem cōnservī eius quae fīēbant contrīstātī sunt valdē et vēnērunt et nārrāvērunt dominō suō omnia quae facta erant. Tunc vocāvit illum dominus suus et ait illī … (Vulgate) │ His fellow servants, seeing what was happening, were greatly distressed and they came and reported to their (own) master everything that had happened. Then his (own) master summoned him and said to him …
