Discussed here: Beasts in Egypt and Libya [4]; the Winged Serpents and the Ibis; ablative of separation
https://adckl.blogspot.com/2025/02/060525-level-3-beasts-in-egypt-and.html
https://adckl2.blogspot.com/2025/02/level-3-beasts-in-egypt-and-libya-4.html
Latin tutorial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x_TPgzLk0So&t=171s
The ablative – sometimes with prepositions – is used when x is “separated” from y, that separation being physical or abstract, positive or negative. The idea is conveyed in the following English sentences:
He was free from fear.
He was removed from office.
He was deprived of water (i.e. he was prevented from having water).
He lacked food.
[i] hostēs ¦ [ii] fīnibus prohibuērunt │ They kept [i] the enemy ¦ [ii] from (their) borders.
[i] praedōnēs ¦ [ii] ab īnsulā prohibuit │ He kept [i] the pirates ¦ [ii] from the island.
[i] urbem ¦ [ii] ā tyrannō līberāvērunt │ They freed [i] the city ¦ [ii] from the tyrant.
[i] liberāmur ¦ mortis [ii] mētū │ [i] We are freed [ii] from the fear of death.
2 verbs which express the concept of “deprivation”:
[1] careō, -ēre, -uī [2]: lack, be without something
Sī versūs hōrum duōrum poētārum neglegētis, magnā parte litterārum carēbitis. │ If you neglect the verses of these two poets, you will miss a great part of literature.
Imperātor mīlitibus proeliō caruit. │ The general lacked / was without soldiers for the battle.
[2] egeō, -ēre, -uī [2]: lack, want, be without, need
Cicero needs a lot of things …
tamen et ipse egeō argūmentō epistulārum (Cicero) │ still I am in want of subject matter
cōnsciīs egeō aliīs (Cicero) │ I need others as accomplices
egeō rēbus omnibus (Cicero) │ I am in want of everything
tuō cōnsiliō egeō (Cicero) │ I need your advice
But what he doesn’t need …
